PCOS: correlation amongst Serum Levels of Testosterone, Anti-Mullerian Hormone and Other Sex Hormones

Keywords: Polycystic ovarian syndrome PCOS Anti-mullerian hormone AMH PCOD Original Article Polycystic ovarian syndrome is a complex heterogeneous disorder of unknown etiology and shows mild to severe degree of signs and symptoms affecting the reproductive, endocrine and metabolic functions. Anti-mullerian hormone, a dimeric glycoprotein belonging to the transforming growth factor–beta superfamily, is produced by the pre and small antral follicles. In polycystic ovarian disease, the hormonal imbalances occur, mainly in anti-mullerian hormone, androgens, and other sex hormones. AIM: The aim of the present study is to estimate and correlate serum levels of testosterone, anti-mullerian hormone and other sex hormones in polycystic ovarian disease patients. METHOD: After initial screening, baseline hormonal study and gynecological ultrasound, the patients were diagnosed for polycystic ovarian syndrome on the basis of Rotterdam consensus and grouped according to the level of serum testosterone. Moreover, the control group has also been included. The results thus obtained were compared amongst the three groups and applied the student's t-test. RESULT: Women with polycystic ovarian syndrome have higher serum anti-mullerian hormone levels and luteinizing hormone/follicle stimulating hormone (LH/FSH) ratio. Increased serum testosterone is associated with additional increase in anti-mullerian hormone, luteinizing hormone, estradiol, dihydroepiandrostenidione and LH/FSH ratio, whiles serum FSH shows a decreasing pattern that further justifies the increase of LH/FSH ratio. CONCLUSION: Serum anti-mullerian hormone shows a significant increase in polycystic ovarian syndrome as compared to women of similar age with normal ovarian morphology, hence its inclusion in the diagnostic criteria for polycystic ovarian syndrome is therefore recommended. The correlation of anti-mullerian hormone with hyperandrogenism requires additional studies for females undergoing in vitro fertilization treatment, because anti-mullerian hormone could be a predictor of ovarian stimulation outcome in polycystic ovarian syndrome.